|
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 1999 COMPARED
TO 1998
Overview of the Operating Year
Cameco realized strong cash flow and positive earnings and
maintained its solid balance sheet in 1999 despite difficult
markets for uranium and gold.
There were two particularly significant developments during
the year which were of long-term benefit to the company. In
March 1999, the company signed an historic agreement with
Russia to purchase for resale natural uranium from dismantled
weapons. In December 1999, the company began the commissioning
of its McArthur River mine.
Cameco generated record cash from operations in 1999. After
working capital changes, cash provided by operations was $249
million ($4.35 per share), up 5% compared to $237 million
($4.13 per share) in 1998. Before working capital changes,
cash provided by operations was $228 million in 1999 compared
to $222 million in 1998.
In 1999, net earnings attributable to common shares were
$71 million ($1.24 per share) compared to $44 million ($0.76
per share) in 1998.
Earnings were significantly impacted by two items: the gain
on the sale of uranium property interests and the writedown
of mineral properties. Excluding these two items, 1999 net
earnings attributable to common shares would have been $42
million ($0.72 per share). This compares to net earnings of
$68 million ($1.19 per share) in 1998 after adjusting for
that year's writedowns.
Total revenue grew by 3% to a record $742 million in 1999
from $719 million in 1998. In 1999, nuclear products and services
accounted for more than 85% of total revenue with the remainder
coming from gold operations.
|
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
($
millions)
|
| |
1999 |
1998 |
%
Change |
| Revenue |
$ 742 |
|
$ 719 |
|
–3 |
|
| Earnings from operations |
79 |
|
104 |
|
–24 |
|
| Net earnings* |
71 |
|
44 |
|
+61 |
|
| Cash provided by operations |
249 |
|
237 |
|
–5 |
|
| * attributable to common
shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In 1999, consolidated earnings were influenced by reduced
operating profits from the gold business due to lower realized
prices, decreased sales volumes and higher depreciation charges.
Nuclear earnings were marginally higher in 1999 as increased
sales volumes compensated for weaker realized prices. Cost
reductions in administration and exploration were offset by
increases in interest and preferred securities charges.
The company's adjusted earnings are summarized below:
SUMMARY OF EARNINGS
($
millions, except per share amounts) |
| |
|
1999 |
1998 |
Per
Share
1999 |
Per
Share
1998 |
Net earnings attributable
to common shares |
$ 71 |
|
$ 44 |
|
$ 1.24 |
$ 0.76 |
| Add (deduct) special
items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
• writedown
of properties:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
gold |
49 |
|
12 |
|
0.85 |
0.21 |
| |
uranium |
– |
|
16 |
|
– |
0.28 |
• gain
on sale of uranium
interests |
(13) |
|
– |
|
(0.23) |
– |
| Deferred income tax
recovery |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| • writedown
of assets |
(6) |
|
(4) |
|
(0.11) |
(0.06) |
• sale
of uranium
interests |
(59) |
|
– |
|
(1.03) |
– |
Net earnings before
special items |
$ 42 |
|
$ 68 |
|
$ 0.72 |
$ 1.19 |
Note: differences due to rounding
|
Cameco ended the year with $407 million of working capital
compared with $323 million in 1998. At December 31, 1999,
total debt was $359 million, and the total debt to capitalization
ratio was 16%.
Nuclear business
Cameco's nuclear business consists of exploration for uranium,
of the development and operation of uranium mines, and of
the refining and conversion of uranium concentrates. Uranium
and uranium products are sold exclusively for the generation
of electricity in nuclear power plants.
Western world uranium market
In 1999, the average month-end closing spot price for uranium
was marginally lower than the year earlier. Even with aggressive
sellers in the market, the uranium spot price ended 1999 at
$9.60 (US) per pound U3O8
(uranium concentrates), up 10% from $8.75 (US) at the end
of 1998.
Long-term contract price indicators published in the industry
declined by 10% during the year to $10.00 (US) per pound U3O8
reflecting the low level of contracting activity in 1999,
particularly in the first three quarters of the year, and
the aggressive offers of some suppliers.
The conversion market was also impacted by abundant supplies.
As a result, the conversion spot price decreased over the
year by 27% to $2.55 (US) per kilogram uranium as UF6
from $3.50 (US) one year earlier.
Revenue
In 1999, Cameco's nuclear revenue increased 10% to $634 million
from $576 million last year due primarily to the sale of a
record volume of U3O8,
up 14% from 1998. The increase in volume resulted from higher
deliveries under Uranerz sales contracts, which were acquired
in August 1998, and the results of marketing efforts in recent
years. The influence of the greater volume was partially offset
by a 3% decline in the average realized price, due primarily
to a higher proportion of deliveries with market-related prices.
In conversion services, combined UF6
and UO2 sales volumes increased
by 11% while average realized prices declined 1%.
Cost of products and services sold
The cost of products and services sold of $379 million increased
by $42 million or 12% due mainly to the higher volumes delivered.
However, U3O8
unit costs were down marginally, reflecting a decline in the
cost of acquired material. The company continues to sell more
uranium than it produces and, therefore, purchases additional
quantities to meet its sales commitments. Unit costs for conversion
services held steady at 1998 levels. Margins were unchanged
for conversion services but lower in uranium concentrates.
Depreciation, depletion and reclamation
Depreciation, depletion and reclamation charges of $97 million
rose 11% over the previous year due to the increased sales
volumes in U3O8
and conversion services.
Uranium exploration
Uranium exploration expenditures decreased in 1999 to $11
million, a decline of $3 million from 1998. This reflects
the strategy to focus predominantly on prospects in Canada
and Australia which have high potential for economically attractive
discoveries.
Gain on sale of property interests
In 1999, the company sold certain uranium interests for $239
million, resulting in a gain of $13 million. In addition,
a $59 million recovery of deferred tax was recorded on this
sale.
Gold Business
Revenue
In 1999, gold revenue was $107 million, a decline of
25% from 1998. The decrease was due to a reduced sales volume
and lower realized prices. In 1999, sales volume declined
by 14% to about 205,000 ounces due to the closure of the Contact
Lake operation in 1998 and to a decline in Kumtor production
which was expected. The average realized gold price declined
to $500 per ounce ($338 (US)) for 1999 compared to $563 per
ounce ($380 (US)) in 1998. The average spot market price for
gold during 1999 was $279 (US) per ounce compared to $294
(US) in 1998.
Cost of products and services sold
For 1999, costs of products and services sold were $50 million,
a decline of 21% from 1998 due mainly to the lower sales volume.
In addition, the 1998 costs included the higher cost of production
at Contact Lake mine. At Kumtor, the cash operating cost of
$179 (US) per ounce was unchanged from 1998 and is calculated
in accordance with the standards of The Gold Institute.
| Kumtor |
1999 |
1998 |
%
Change |
| Tonnes milled (000) |
5,298 |
|
5,254 |
|
+1 |
|
| Grade (g/t) |
4.54 |
|
4.77 |
|
–5 |
|
| Mill recovery (%) |
79.3 |
|
78.5 |
|
+1 |
|
| Production (000 ozs) |
610.5 |
|
645.0 |
|
–5 |
|
| Cash operating cost
($US/oz) |
$
179 |
|
$ 179 |
|
– |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cameco |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Production (000 ozs)
1 |
203.5 |
|
234.6 |
|
–13 |
|
| Sales (000 ozs)
1 |
205.5 |
|
239.8 |
|
–14 |
|
| Realized gold price
($US/oz) |
$
338 |
|
$
380 |
|
–11 |
|
1 1998
production and sales volumes include Contact Lake
|
Depreciation, depletion and reclamation
Total depreciation, depletion and reclamation costs increased
marginally in 1999 to $40 million. This was due mainly to
an 18% increase in the depreciation rate at Kumtor reflecting
the combined effect of the January 1, 1999 restatement of
reserves and the September 30, 1999 writedown of assets. The
1998 costs included $9 million for charges at Contact Lake.
Gold exploration
Expenses of $11 million were incurred exploring for gold in
1999. This represents a reduction of 29% from 1998. Most of
the work in 1999 was conducted in North America.
Other Corporate Expenses
Administration
In 1999, administration expenses declined by 10% to
$36 million from the prior year. This reduction reflects the
severance costs incurred at Rabbit Lake in 1998 and cost control
initiatives undertaken in 1999. These were partially offset
by costs incurred in establishing new sales offices in Europe
and the United States.
Interest
Net interest expenses increased by $5 million compared to
1998. This can be attributed to lower interest income on Cameco's
subordinated loan to Kumtor, which declined following a payment
in December 1998 of all outstanding interest at that time.
Income taxes
In 1999, a net income tax recovery of $3 million was recorded,
as a result of the sale of uranium interests, compared to
income tax expense of $47 million in 1998. Before the sale
and writedowns, the effective rate of income tax was 55% in
1999 compared to 43% in 1998. The lower effective income tax
rate in 1998 was the result of a greater proportion of pre-tax
earnings derived from gold operations outside of Canada where
they are subject to a lower tax rate. The effective rate for
both years was unfavourably influenced by the amount of large
corporations tax, non-deductible provincial royalties and
other taxes. See note 16 to the consolidated financial statements.
Writedown of mineral properties
In 1999, after a prolonged period of depressed and volatile
gold prices, Cameco reduced the carrying value of its investment
in the Kumtor gold mine by $46 million ($40 million after
tax). The amount of the writedown was based on estimated future
net cash flows assuming a future gold price of $300 (US) per
ounce. In 1998, Cameco recorded a writedown of $16 million
($12 million after tax) related to certain US non-producing
uranium properties.
Other expenses
In 1999, Cameco reduced the carrying values of investments
in other gold interests by $4 million. This was offset by
the receipt of $2 million in dividends from Energy Resources
of Australia. In 1998, a writedown of $12 million on other
gold investments was recorded.
Preferred securities charges
Preferred securities charges increased in 1999 to $9 million
from $2 million in 1998. The preferred securities were issued
in October 1998.
CASH RESOURCES
The company generated positive cash flow of $37 million from
its investing activities in 1999. Net proceeds of $239 million
from the sale of uranium interests were largely offset by
capital expenditures of $212 million mainly related to the
development of McArthur River and Cigar Lake mines. This compares
with expenditures of $694 million in 1998, primarily for the
acquisition of Uranerz, a 6.45% interest in Energy Resources
of Australia and capital expenditures of $159 million.
In 1999, financing activities used $277 million primarily
for debt repayment, dividends, preferred securities charges
and the share repurchase program. During the year, the company
repurchased 535,000 shares at an average price of $23.15.
In 1998, cash provided by financing activities was $384 million
primarily due to new financing arrangements involving debt
and preferred securities.
Capital expenditures
Cameco plans to spend $104 million on capital and development
expenditures in 2000. Approximately one-half of this amount
will be spent on the completion of the McArthur River mine
and on the development of the Cigar Lake project.
In 2000, the McArthur River mine is expected to reach commercial
production and an environmental impact statement for the processing
of Cigar Lake ore at Rabbit Lake is expected to be submitted
to the regulatory authorities. An application for the Cigar
Lake mine construction licence will be prepared during 2000
for submission in late 2000 or early 2001. Production at Cigar
Lake is expected in 2003.
|
CAPITAL AND DEVELOPMENT
EXPENDITURES
(in
$ millions)
|
| |
Planned
2000 |
Actual
1999 |
| Mine development |
$ 65 |
|
$ 168 |
|
Plant modifications
and
sustaining capital |
39 |
|
44 |
|
| Total |
$ 104 |
|
$ 212 |
|
|
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Overview
Liquidity is the ability of the company to mobilize cash to
fund its exploration, development and operating work plans.
Important measures of liquidity include those summarized in
the table below.
Debt
Cameco has agreements with lending institutions that provide
access to approximately $636 million in unsecured lines of
credit including a long-term revolving credit facility of
$400 million. Interest rates on related borrowings vary and
currently average 6.2% per annum. In addition, Cameco has
$236 million in letters of credit and overdraft facilities.
These arrangements provide operational liquidity (including
backup for a $400 million commercial paper program), funding
for capital expenditures and financial assurances for future
reclamation obligations. For the related terms and conditions,
see note eight to the consolidated financial statements. Approximately
$353 million of these facilities was unused at December 31,
1999.
| |
1999 |
1998 |
1997 |
1996 |
1995 |
| Cash provided by operations ($
millions) |
249 |
237 |
162 |
178 |
133 |
| Current ratio |
3.3 |
2.4 |
2.0 |
4.2 |
3.6 |
| Working capital ($ millions) |
407 |
323 |
273 |
271 |
248 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Total debt/capitalization (%) |
16 |
24 |
14 |
12 |
13 |
|
A $55 million short-term revolving credit facility matured
in May 1999 and was not replaced. In July 1999, Cameco cancelled
a $350 million bridge facility, which was due in January 2000.
As credit facilities mature, the company intends to refinance
as is necessary to meet liquidity requirements.
Senior debentures
In 1999, Cameco completed a $100 million capital markets debt
issue in the form of senior, unsecured debentures. These debentures
bear interest at 6.9% per annum and will mature on July 12,
2006. The proceeds were used to repay other indebtedness.
Kumtor Gold Company
To finance the Kumtor gold project, a consortium of financial
institutions advanced $285 million (US) in senior and subordinated
loans to the project through 1996. During 1999, KGC repaid
$49 million (US). After these repayments, the outstanding
balances were $191 million (US) on the senior debt and $20
million (US) on the subordinated debt. Since Cameco proportionately
consolidates its interest in KGC, $70 million (US) ($102 million
(Cdn)) of the remaining loans were included in Cameco's long-term
debt. See note 19 to the consolidated financial statements.
In addition, Cameco has invested $45 million (US) as an equity
contribution and provided a subordinated loan under which
outstanding advances and accrued interest at the end of 1999
amounted to $107 million (US) and $12 million (US) respectively.
While the Kumtor credit facilities are an obligation of KGC,
Cameco has agreed to guarantee the payment of all principal
and interest that becomes due on the senior debt. This guarantee
does not apply in the case of certain events of political
force majeure, which are covered by political risk insurance
purchased on behalf of some lenders and self-insured by other
lenders. See note 19 to the consolidated financial statements.
As part of the Kumtor financing arrangements, KGC must maintain
a debt reserve bank account as described in note six to the
consolidated financial statements.
Cameco is bound by certain financial covenants in its credit
facilities and in those of Kumtor. These covenants place restrictions
on total long-term debt, including guarantees, and set minimum
levels for net worth. As of December 31, 1999, Cameco met
such covenant tests and does not expect its planned operating
and investing activities in 2000 will be constrained by them.
For additional commentary on Cameco's operations, the following
section presents the results of an earlier year-on-year comparison.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 1998 COMPARED
TO 1997
(These results include Uranerz Exploration and Mining Limited
and Uranerz U.S.A., Inc. as of August 11, 1998, the date Cameco
acquired these companies).
|
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL RESULTS
($
millions except per share amounts)
|
| |
Q1 |
Q2 |
Q3 |
Q4 |
Year |
Q1 |
Q2 |
Q3 |
Q4 |
Year |
| |
99 |
99 |
99 |
99 |
1999 |
98 |
98 |
98 |
98 |
1998 |
| Revenue |
147 |
181 |
169 |
245 |
742 |
132 |
157 |
202 |
228 |
719 |
| Operating earnings |
22 |
35 |
(17) |
39 |
79 |
26 |
33 |
36 |
9 |
104 |
| Net earnings* |
9 |
15 |
30 |
17 |
71 |
18 |
19 |
18 |
(11) |
44 |
| Earnings per common share |
0.15 |
0.26 |
0.52 |
0.31 |
1.24 |
0.31 |
0.34 |
0.32 |
(0.21) |
0.76 |
| Cash from operations |
34 |
35 |
101 |
79 |
249 |
22 |
59 |
(15) |
171 |
237 |
| Capital expenditures |
51 |
57 |
67 |
37 |
212 |
25 |
36 |
58 |
40 |
159 |
* attributable to common shares
|
Overview of the Operating Year
In the uranium and gold markets, 1998 was characterized by
limited demand and weak prices. The effect of these conditions
was to restrain revenue, profit and cash flow despite the
acquisition of Uranerz Exploration and Mining Limited and
Uranerz U.S.A., Inc. (Uranerz) and a full year's production
from the Kumtor gold mine. The weakening of the Canadian dollar
in 1998 partially offset the impact of the lower prices. In
response to these conditions and to facilitate the transition
to the new, richer uranium ore bodies, the company announced
plans late in 1998 to conserve up to $200 million in cash
primarily by restricting production over the next three years.
In 1998, after working capital changes, Cameco generated
cash from operations of $237 million ($4.13 per share) up
46% from 1997. The improvement primarily reflected the inclusion
of financial results from the acquisition of Uranerz, a decline
in uranium purchases, and the receipt of interest payments
on Cameco's subordinated loans to KGC.
In 1998, Cameco's consolidated net earnings attributable
to common shares were $44 million ($0.76 per share) compared
to $82 million ($1.51 per share) in 1997. The 1998 earnings
were impacted by reduced margins due to lower uranium prices
and increased sales of higher-cost purchased uranium. In addition,
the company wrote down $16 million in non-producing US uranium
properties and $12 million to reflect a decline in the value
of investments in gold activities not related to Kumtor. On
an after-tax basis, these non-recurring write downs totalled
$24 million ($0.42 per share) and had no cash implications.
The segmented results of Cameco's two business operations
follow:
Nuclear Business
Western world uranium market
In 1998, only about 10 million pounds U3O8
were traded on the uranium spot market. This was about 7%
of the western world's uranium consumption and less than half
the volume traded in the previous year. The weak spot market
was primarily due to lower utility and producer demand. Utilities
in particular withdrew from the spot market for a variety
of reasons including reductions in their inventories and deferred
requirements.
After opening the year at $12.05 (US) per pound U3O8
and stabilizing temporarily in the second quarter, the spot
price drifted steadily toward its 1998 close of $8.75 (US),
a decline of 27%.
Long-term contract price indicators published in the industry
fell by 11% during 1998 to $11.10 (US) per pound U3O8,
demonstrating more resilience than the spot price. Approximately
50 million pounds were contracted in the long-term market
during 1998, about 31% less than in 1997. This was primarily
due to heavy contracting from 1995 to 1997 and perceptions
that prices would remain low. Contributing factors to these
perceptions included the selling of uranium inventory announced
by both the United States Enrichment Corporation (USEC) and
the US Department of Energy as well as the uncertainty surrounding
the disposition of the uranium natural feed component resulting
from the US-Russia highly enriched uranium agreement.
In the conversion market, spot prices also decreased by about
31% from $5.10 (US) per kilogram uranium as UF6
at the close of 1997 to $3.50 (US) at the end of 1998.
Revenue
In 1998, Cameco's nuclear revenue rose to $576 million, including
the effect of the Uranerz acquisition, an increase of 7% from
1997. This increase reflects higher U3O8
sales volumes which were up 10%, due to the acquisition. This
was partially offset by a small decrease in the average realized
U3O8
price reflecting the decline in the uranium spot price, mitigated
somewhat by a weaker Canadian dollar.
Cameco's conversion revenues were relatively protected from
changes in the UF6 spot
price as its contracts are typically based on fixed or base-escalated
pricing terms. For the year, the combined UF6
and UO2 conversion sales
volume was up about 6% while the average selling prices increased
marginally.
Cost of products and services sold
The cost of products and services sold rose to $337 million
in 1998 including the cost of products associated with Uranerz.
This was an increase of 25% from the previous year reflecting
the higher sales volumes. In addition, the company sold about
40% more purchased uranium which generally carries a higher
cost than the company's own production. The unit cost of conversion
services also rose slightly in 1998.
Depreciation, depletion and reclamation
Depreciation, depletion and reclamation declined 10% to $88
million in 1998 compared to $98 million a year earlier reflecting
increased sales of purchased uranium and inventory acquired
from Uranerz. Depreciation is allocated to inventory which
is produced, not acquired.
Uranium exploration
Spending on exploration in 1998 remained unchanged from 1997,
at $15 million.
Gold Business
Revenue
Revenue from gold operations in 1998 was $143 million compared
to $103 million in the previous year. Cameco's total gold
sales of 239,801 ounces in 1998 were 38% higher than the previous
year. 1998 was the first full year of production from the
Kumtor gold mine and the last year of production from the
Contact Lake gold mine. In both 1998 and 1997, revenue included
approximately $5 million in management fees which Cameco earned
as operator of the Kumtor mine.
The company realized an average price of $563 per ounce,
($380 (US)) in 1998. This is only a marginal decrease from
1997 because the lower US dollar gold prices were offset by
the effect of a weaker Canadian dollar. Cameco's gold hedging
program generated a premium of $86 (US) per ounce compared
to the average market price of $294 (US) during 1998.
Cost of products and services sold
The Kumtor gold mine produced 645,161 ounces (Cameco's share
215,054 ounces) in 1998. Kumtor's strong operating performance
resulted in cash costs of about $179 (US) per ounce. Production
at the Contact Lake mine was 29,331 ounces (Cameco's share
19,554 ounces) in 1998.
Early in 1998, the Contact Lake mine was closed as the orebody
was depleted. Milling was completed in June and decommissioning
of the site has commenced. During its mine life, Contact Lake
produced 190,000 ounces.
Depreciation, depletion, and reclamation
Depreciation, depletion and reclamation increased by 56% to
$39 million in 1998 compared to $25 million in 1997. The two
significant influences were the higher volume of Kumtor sales
partially offset by reduced volumes for Contact Lake. A weaker
Canadian dollar also contributed to the higher depreciation
amounts as Kumtor costs are recorded in US dollars.
Restatement of gold reserves and
resources
With the persistently low gold price, the company has restated
the Kumtor reserves. As of December 31, 1998, the total remaining
open pit reserves have been restated down to 4.4 million ounces
and the resources have been revised up to 6.6 million ounces.
The average grade of the remaining reserves has increased
to 4.88 grams per tonne.
The reserves published since year-end 1994 were established
using a gold price of $375 (US) per ounce while the December
1998 reserves are based on $325 (US). Although the quantity
of reserves has been decreased, the cash flow analysis based
on the higher grade indicated that no writedown of the carrying
value was required.
Exploration
Gold exploration expenditures of $16 million in 1998 were
down from the $18 million spent in 1997.
Non-Segmented Expenses
Administration
In 1998, the cost of administration rose $12 million to about
$40 million. Of this increase, $6 million related to non-recurring
severance charges at Rabbit Lake and $2 million related to
costs no longer reimbursed by Uranerz which was Cameco's joint
venture partner in the past.
Interest
Net interest income decreased by $6 million to $2 million
in 1998. Interest expense increased because of higher debt
levels in 1998 and accounting for a full year of Kumtor interest
expense. In 1997, interest on the Kumtor project for the first
third of the year was capitalized as the mine was still under
construction.
Writedown of mineral properties
The company reviewed its US non-producing in situ leach properties
in light of the uranium market environment and new geological
interpretation. It concluded that the carrying values of certain
properties should be written down. Accordingly, a provision
of $16 million ($12 million after tax) was made.
Other income and expenses
In 1998, expenses of $12 million resulted from the writedown
of carrying values for investments in gold activities not
related to Kumtor. By comparison, in 1997, expenses of $4
million were recorded.
CASH RESOURCES
Operating activities in 1998 generated net cash flows, after
changes in working capital, of $237 million ($4.13 per share)
compared to $162 million ($2.98 per share) a year earlier.
The improvement reflects primarily the inclusion of financial
results from the Uranerz acquisition, a decrease in uranium
purchases, and the receipt of interest payments from Cameco's
subordinated loans to KGC. The payment received included all
interest accrued to December 1, 1998.
The company invested $694 million in 1998, mostly for the
acquisition of Uranerz, a 6.45% interest in Energy Resources
of Australia and capital expenditures including $120 million
for the development of McArthur River and Cigar Lake mines.
This compares with $325 million invested in 1997 for the purchase
of Power Resources, Inc. (PRI), capital expenditures and completion
of Kumtor mine development.
In 1998, expenditures were financed primarily by a combination
of cash from operations of $237 million, a net increase of
$253 million in debt financing, and net proceeds of $177 million
from the issue of preferred securities in the US market.
In 1997, financing activities raised a net of $258 million.
Most of this funding reflects Cameco's public share offering
of 4 million common shares which yielded net proceeds of $198
million. In addition, an increase in debt was required to
finance other activities.
The McArthur River mine is expected to enter commercial operations
in late 1999. The company announced in early 1999 that the
reserves at McArthur River increased by 35% to 255 million
pounds U3O8.
Reserves and resources at December 31, 1998 totalled 483 million
pounds of which Cameco's share was 84%.
This ends the discussion of the results of operations for
1998 compared to 1997.
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
(at December 31, 1999)
Financial Risk
Cameco's financial performance is influenced by fluctuations
in uranium and gold prices and in foreign exchange rates.
To reduce the associated risks, the company uses a variety
of financial instruments and management controls which add
a measure of certainty to expected future cash flows. See
notes 26 and 28 (c) to the consolidated financial statements.
Uranium prices
The company reduces its exposure to volatility in uranium
prices by maintaining a long-term contract portfolio which
is diversified by price mechanism, delivery date and geographic
location of customers. For 2000, the company's sensitivity
to changes in the uranium spot price is noted in the outlook
section.
Limited number of customers
The company relies on a small number of customers to purchase
a significant portion of its production of uranium concentrates
and conversion services. For example, Cameco's five largest
customers are anticipated to account for 29% of the company's
contracted supply of U3O8
for the period 2000 through 2002. By comparison, the five
largest customers accounted for 27% of the contracted supply
of U3O8
for the period 1999 through 2001. The loss of any of the company's
largest customers or curtailment of purchases by such customers,
could have a material adverse effect on the company's financial
condition and results of operations.
Gold prices
KGC hedges the price risk for gold in its own name. At the
end of 1999, it had in place forward sale and put option agreements
on 1,134,000 ounces. Cameco provides limited guarantees in
support of KGC's gold hedging program. Cameco's one-third
share of these agreements was 378,000 ounces consisting of
269,000 ounces in spot deferred forward contracts and 109,000
in purchased put options. The average prices for these positions
are $308 (US) per ounce and $244 (US) per ounce, respectively.
At the company's discretion, the put options may or may not
be exercised. In addition, KGC has sold call options of which
Cameco's share is 120,000 ounces at an average price of $304
(US). The mark-to-market gain on Cameco's share of these hedge
positions was $2 million (US) at December 31, 1999 based on
a spot market gold price of $290 (US) per ounce.
Foreign exchange risk
The majority of the company's revenues are in US dollars.
At December 31, 1999, Cameco had sold forward $621 million
(US) at an average spot exchange rate of approximately $1.47
per US dollar. The mark-to-market gain on these foreign exchange
positions was $18 million (Cdn). Due to existing hedges, the
sensitivity of the company's earnings and cash flows in 2000
to changes in the exchange rate is not material.
Political risk
The company faces the possibility of adverse political and
economic conditions in Kyrgyzstan where the Kumtor mine is
located. Consequently, the company has purchased political
risk insurance that covers the carrying value of 90% of both
its subordinated loan and equity contribution in KGC.
Operations Risk
The company began commissioning the McArthur River mine in
December 1999. Through experience working on the orebody,
modifications are being made to the material handling systems.
At Cigar Lake, technical challenges exist regarding ground
water, rock properties and radiation protection. Failure to
resolve technical issues at either mine or significant delays
in obtaining permits and licences for Cigar Lake could have
an adverse effect on the company's future prospects.
To ensure delivery of contracted volumes during the development
of Cameco's new mines, the company has adjusted its uranium
inventory levels to cover approximately one year's sales.
The drawdown of this inventory to normal operating levels
is being co-ordinated with the ramp-up of production at McArthur
River planned over the next two years.
Cameco invests in a comprehensive insurance program to manage
risk in its operations and reduce its exposure to potential
liabilities.
Environmental Risk
In 1999, Cameco adopted a new environmental policy and began
the planning and design of a new environmental management
system at its operating sites. Once implemented, this system
is expected to reduce environmental risks and meet the requirements
of the international standard referred to as ISO 14001.
Over the long term, the company must plan for the closure
and decommissioning of its operating sites. See note nine
to the consolidated financial statements. At the end of 1999,
an accounting provision for future reclamation costs totalled
$103 million. In order to provide financial assurances for
these future work plans, Cameco has provided letters of credit
(LOCs), where required by law, to the jurisdictions in which
its operations are located. Cameco's LOCs totalled $131 million
at the end of 1999 of which $121 million are related to reclamation
and decommissioning activities. However, the new Canadian
Nuclear Safety and Control Act may take effect during 2000,
and may require the company to provide approximately $78 million
in additional LOCs, for the decommissioning of the conversion
plants.
In 1988, Cameco assumed the ownership and primary responsibility
for waste management at four locations in Ontario. The applicable
regulatory authorities have not yet defined a plan or time
schedule for the reclamation of any of these sites. Therefore,
the company has not established any accounting provision for
this liability. Cameco's maximum liability for costs related
to these wastes is $25 million. Approximately $5 million has
been spent to date. See note 25(a) to the consolidated financial
statements.
OUTLOOK FOR 2000
Nuclear
Primary production continues to supply substantially less
than western world consumption with the balance coming from
secondary sources.
Due to low volumes in the long-term western world market
over the past few years of about 60 million pounds U3O8
annually, industry experts believe that demand may rebound
in 2000 to about 75 million pounds U3O8.
This should provide some upward pressure on new long-term
prices.
However, in the spot market, industry experts expect volumes
similar to 1999. Spot market prices will be dependent, in
part, on the degree to which certain suppliers continue to
sell at distress prices.
Conversion prices are expected to remain under pressure as
secondary UF6 supplies are
available from various sources including supplies available
through the US/Russia highly enriched uranium agreement.
Cameco's uranium sales volumes are expected to be similar
to 1999 although prices and margins may be slightly weaker.
About 60% of Cameco's long-term contracts contain pricing
which references the spot price at the time of delivery. In
2000, a $1.00 (US) change in the uranium spot price would
change revenue by about $17 million (Cdn), earnings by $7
million (Cdn) and cash flow by $13 million (Cdn).
Until McArthur River mine achieves steady-state operations
expected in 2001, cost levels are expected to be variable
and at times, higher than historical levels.
The company has more than 100 million pounds U3O8
and more than 48,000 tonnes of uranium conversion under contract
for delivery over the next decade. This contract position
provides a certain measure of predictability to the company's
revenue and cash flow.
Gold
Gold production at Kumtor is expected to rise to about 645,000
ounces (Cameco's share one-third) due to marginal increases
in average grade and mill feed tonnage.
The average realized gold price on hedges at the end of 1999
is expected to decline to about $315 (US) per ounce but will
be offset by a lower depreciation rate allowing margins to
improve modestly.
Based upon the approved life of mine plan, KGC should be
able to meet its obligations to the senior lenders if gold
prices average at least $220 (US) per ounce over the remaining
life of the mine.
Liquidity
Operating cash flows are projected to be sufficient to fund
capital expenditures, dividend payments, share repurchases
and to repay some debt.
Caution Regarding Forward-Looking
Information
The statements in the management's discussion and analysis
which relate to the future are forward-looking statements
and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. The
company's results in the future may differ materially from
those which are expressed or implied by these forward-looking
statements.
Important factors which could cause differences include the
sensitivity of the company's revenue to market prices of uranium
and gold, competition, the impact of changes in foreign currency
exchange rates, environmental considerations, political developments,
particularly in the developing countries in which the company
operates, changes in government regulations and policies including
trade laws, demand for nuclear power, replacement of production,
and receipt of permits and approvals from governmental authorities.
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